What are gaskets?
Before we dive into the types of gaskets, let”s first understand what a gasket is. A gasket is essentially a mechanical seal that fills the space between two or more mating surfaces. Its primary function is to prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while under compression.
Types of gaskets
When choosing the right gasket for your application, it”s essential to consider the properties of the material. The following are the three primary types of gaskets:
1. Non-Metallic Gaskets:
These gaskets are made from materials like rubber, fiber, or cork and are primarily used for low-pressure applications.
Rubber gaskets
Rubber gaskets comprise natural, neoprene, nitrile, silicone, or EPDM rubber, which is resistant to oil, chemicals, and high temperatures. Natural rubber gaskets are typically used in industrial settings where they are exposed to harsh acids and alkalis.
Fiber gaskets
Fiber gaskets are a type of non-metallic gasket that comprises a composite of organic or inorganic materials. The two most common types of fiber gaskets are made from either cellulose or aramid fibers. It”s essential to note that fiber gaskets are not suitable for applications that involve acid or alkaline chemicals.
Cork gaskets
Cork gaskets are the most common type of non-metallic gaskets. They are made from compressed cork and are ideal for low-temperature, low-pressure applications.
2. Metallic Gaskets:
Metallic gaskets are made from materials like stainless steel, carbon steel, or copper and are primarily used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
Spiral wound gaskets
Spiral wound gaskets are made by winding a thin strip of metal either in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. The metal strip is then placed over a soft filler material like graphite, ceramic, or PTFE tape. This type of gasket is ideal for applications that require high-pressure resistance.
Ring joint gaskets
Ring joint gaskets are made from solid metal and are typically used in high-pressure, high-temperature applications. They are designed to maintain their shape and prevent flange movement under compression.
3. Semi-Metallic Gaskets:
Semi-metallic gaskets are a combination of both metallic and non-metallic materials and are primarily used for high-pressure, high-temperature applications.
Spiral wound gaskets
Spiral wound gaskets are also categorized as semi-metallic gaskets. They are made by winding a thin strip of metal either in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. The metal strip is then placed over a soft filler material like graphite, ceramic, or PTFE tape.
Kammprofile gaskets
Kammprofile gaskets are a type of semi-metallic gasket that comprises a solid metal core with raised concentric corrugations. The corrugations provide excellent sealing capabilities.
Conclusion
In conclusion, selecting the right gasket for your application is critical when it comes to preventing leaks and ensuring the safety of your machinery and personnel. It”s essential to consider the properties of the material used and the conditions under which the gasket will be used. By having a thorough understanding of the different types of gaskets, you can make an informed decision and choose a gasket that will meet your specific needs.
